What medications are used in the management of COPD?These are racemic epinephrine, Albuterol/Proventil (ventilin), Levalbuterol (xopenex), Salmeterol, Formoterol, Arformoterol (brovana), Ipratropium (atrovent), Tiotropium (sprivia), Budesonide (pulimcort), Mometasone (asmanex), Fluticasone (Flovent), Beclomethasone (QVAR), Acetylcysteine (mucomyst), and Dornase alpha (rhDNAse), and Nedocromil (tilade). Subjects: ancc anp asthma boards copd fitzgerald np. emboardbombs.com 5. According to the CDC, it’s the third leading cause of death in the United States. The Board of Review should try to gain a sense of how the Scout is fitting in to the Troop, and the Scout's level of enjoyment of the Troop and Patrol activities. He was previously a professor of respiratory medicine and a consultant physician at St George's, University of London in London, UK. Quickly memorize the terms, phrases and much more. A patient is presenting with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. 68. Dr. Jones’ primary research is focused on symptom measurement and cognitive outcome of COPD. What triggers exacerbation for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease?Infection, pollution, and cold weather. Not to be used as monotherapy. The Flashcards are review questions and can be used to study for medical board exams including the USMLE Step Exams and the ABIM Internal Medicine Exam. Introducing Cram Folders! Antibiotics are for bacterial treatment. There is a decrease in vital capacity (VC), inspiratory reserve volume (IRV), expiratory reserve volume (ERV), and a normal forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC 78) that is 83% if less than 50% significant disease. These are all common questions from students enrolled in certain medical school programs. Systemic steroids can be administered by IV (intravenous), shot, or orally. How We Create Content. What is the best care approach suited for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease?Palliative care and home health, 43. Cram.com makes it easy to get the grade you want! For each of the five following statements (10–14), indicate whether it pertains to patients with asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), neither, or both. Free, short podcasts with high yield board and shelf exam review. A patient with a myocardial infarction (MI) is at risk for left-sided heart failure. 70. What may signal the existence of asthma?Bronchodilator reversibility, chronic bronchitis, and emphysema, 54. 66. As mentioned in the introduction, COPD stands for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Based on his medications, what is the most predictable drug-disease interaction? 33. What type of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is referred as a “pink puffer”?Emphysema, 60. What are four diseases that are considered chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases?Emphysema, chronic bronchitis, refractory asthma and some forms of bronchiectasis. This is measured by a peak flow meter and is used for monitoring. 8th ed., Mosby, 2019. Introducing Cram Folders! An adult male patient on ventilatory support has just been intubated with a 7.0 mm oral endotracheal tube equipped with a high residual volume low-pressure cuff. The COPD Foundation offers resources such as COPD360social, an online community where you can connect with patients, caregivers and health care providers and ask questions, share your experiences and receive and provide support. Pneumonia What is the medical definition of COPD? 51. What are indications that antibiotic therapy may be needed in COPD flare? Patients experience shortness of breath when hurrying on the level or walking up a slight hill; Stage 2 or Moderate COPD, patients with FEV1=50-80% of predicted. What type of gastric problem is caused by long term corticosteroid use? 10. Methods We analyzed data from 408,774 respondents aged 18 or older in the 2016 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance Syste… Change in a patient's baseline dyspnea, cough and/or sputum beyond day-to-day variability sufficient to warrant a change in management. Improve bronchial hygiene by humidifying oxygen (O2) when necessary. Printed review handout sheets on exam review topics. For treatment of thin and thick mucus, use of mucolytic, percussion and postural drainage (P&PD), ultrasonic nebulizer (usn) and heated aerosol. So here are 80 free pulmonary and critical care board review questions to help sharpen your brain to a test-slicing razor's edge. Thereafter knowledge of an annual review will undoubtedly lead to more conscious governance and opportunities to introduce improvements (including replacement of board members). The more familiar terms ‘chronic bronchitis’ and ’emphysema’ are no longer used, but are now included within the COPD diagnosis. The first few questions in the Board of Review should be simple. There is also a training module which you can use to educate your Committee members. Rationale for tapering corticosteroid dose: Long-term use causing adrenal insufficiency. How many times is a smoker more likely to die of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease than a non-smoker?10 times. Available free on Apple iTunes Podcast or Spotify app for download. What device must be surgically implanted?Transtracheal catheter, 55. 21. Prepare for the ABFM exam with the AAFP’s Family Medicine Board Review Express Livestream, February 18-21 and get the same in-depth Board review but with all the conveniences of your home or office. What type of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease presents more commonly with a cough and sputum?Chronic bronchitis, 62. Introduction More than 54 million US adults have arthritis, and more than 15 million US adults have chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). 18. Internal Medicine Board Review Flashcards - This eBook contains 50 Pulmonary Disease and Critical Care Flashcards. What is chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?It stands for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Criteria for round-the clock treatment in COPD. 22. What is the difference between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma?Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is not reversible and asthma is. In this section, we’ve provided several practice questions so that you can dive even deeper into this topic. 58. 15. Moderate severe: daily symptoms, daily SABA use, nighttime symptoms >1/week but not nightly and about 2 exacerbations/year. What is chronic bronchitis? NEJM Knowledge+ Internal Medicine Board Review, Family Medicine Board Review, and Pediatrics Board Review are produced by NEJM Group, the organization behind the New England Journal of Medicine, NEJM Journal Watch, NEJM Catalyst, and NEJM Resident 360. Enlargement of airspaces distal to the terminal bronchiole. 14. The primary goal of treating COPD is to increase the patient’s life expectancy and quality of life while decreasing the number of COPD exacerbations and hospital visits. [, Rrt, Des Terry Jardins MEd, and Burton George Md Facp Fccp Faarc. In the examples below, the correct answer always won out, but other answer choices made a respectable showing, indicating that our distractors did their job well for Question of the Week respondents. 22. What are criteria for well-controlled asthma or asthma that is intermittent and does not require controller therapy? What are the COPD severity staging guidelines?The Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) staging systems are: Stage 1 or Mild COPD, patients with FEV1 (forced expiratory volume in one second) <80% of predicted. Next, we will discuss the treatment methods for COPD. 32. How much of an ICS dose is absorbed systemically? Requires specialty consult. What are the differences on the major symptoms between chronic bronchitis and emphysema?In chronic bronchitis, symptoms consist of excessive sputum production for at least 3 months for a year and twice in a row while emphysema’s symptoms consist of the destruction of the gas exchange surfaces. What are non-pharmacologic measured to be encouraged in all patients with COPD: FEV1 is usually reduced as the disease progresses, but may be normal in early stages. 12. What is the method of medicine delivery that requires patients to keep track of how many doses they have used?Metered-dose inhaler. According to the ABIM exam blueprint, questions testing pulmonary disease topics comprises ~10% of the exam.That places it second only to cardiology’s 14% in terms of relative percentage. Chronic bronchitis is an increase production of mucus from bronchi. “Treatment of COPD: The Simplicity Is a Resolved Complexity.” PubMed Central (PMC), 5 Sept. 2020. What is the greatest risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease?Patients with COPD are at risk of a right-sided heart failure. Severity is based on most bothersome symptom. Designed for fellows-in-training and practicing physicians, the ATS Critical Care Board Review Question Book is based on the blueprint of the American Board of Internal Medicine (ABIM) Critical Care Medicine Certification exam. What are the clinical manifestations of chronic bronchitis?Frequent cough with mucous expectorate, slight increase on respiratory rate (RR), and slight increase of heart rate (H), carbon dioxide (CO), blood pressure (BP), dyspnea only with lung infection. What type of COPD has “quiet” breath sounds without adventitious sounds on auscultation?Emphysema. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay in seeking it because of something you read in this article. What is the main risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease?Smoking, 39. What is the preferred long-term steroid administration route and why is it preferred?It is inhaled administration route because they don’t have the side effects of systemic steroids. 47. Figure 44.1. 34. What is the most appropriate antibiotic therapy for COPD exacerbation in a patient that failed initial treatment? COPD NCLEX Questions. 10. What is a COPD Exacerbation? 56. I hope that you’ll be able to use this information to prepare for your exams and boost your knowledge as a medical professional. What type of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is common in a younger population (late 30s and 40s)?Chronic bronchitis. What is the best ABX choice for a 52 year old man with an acute exacerbation of Stage II COPD? Included topics in this practice quiz are: 1. 72. Who should undergo spirometry testing to detect chronic obstructive pulmonary disease?Smokers or ex-smokers 40 years of age and older who have the symptoms. Indications for CXR in COPD exacerbation: Three most common bacterial agents in COPD exacerbation: Atypicals (M. and C. pneumo, legionella) are associated with what percentage of bacterial COPD flares? Encourage advancement to 2nd Class. Patients suffering from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease relay more on the accessory muscle of the neck, shoulders and back to breathe rather than the diaphragm. Why is diaphragmatic breathing not usually recommended for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease?Diaphragmatic breathing or deep breathing is done by contracting the diaphragm. Add to folder[?] Just simply break it down and use each letter as follows: Again, you can easily memorize this acronym as a simple way to learn which disorders are classified as obstructive diseases. Readers must therefore always check the product information and clinical procedures with the most up to date published product information and data sheets provided by the manufacturers and the most recent codes of conduct and safety regulations. 17. CBABE is a mnemonic that can be used as a simple way to learn and memorize all of the obstructive diseases. 35. AKA phopsphodiesterase inhibitor. Oral prednisone at 40-60 mg/day for 5-7 days. What are the available treatments for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease?Smoking cessation, oxygen therapy, pharmacological therapy, and pulmonary rehabilitation. Also explore over 14 similar quizzes in this category. What are three classes of medications used in asthma for their bronchodilating properties? Included topics in this practice quiz are: 1. Different preparations are NOT interchangeable mg to mg. Clinical uses of anticholinergics (ipratropium and tiotropium). What is the effect of bronchodilators on the decline in lung function?Drugs don’t change the progressive decline in lung function. What are the criteria for home oxygen use? Which of the following is not consistent with the diagnosis of asthma: How long does it take for clinical effects to be seen from ICS or LTRA therapy? Why do the pulmonary vessels constrict during chronic bronchitis?Constriction happens because of hypoxemia leading to pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR). What are the general symptoms of COPD?Dyspnea, cough, sputum, fever, wheezing, chest tightness, and fatigue. BiPAP (Bilevel Positive Airway Pressure) is preferred during an acute exacerbation of COPD in order to avoid intubation. What is hypercapnia?Above normal PaCO2, 40. How can you treat a patient with COPD? “Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: An Overview.” PubMed Central (PMC), 1 Sept. 2008. What are two methylxanthine bronchodilators? What are available treatments for medical and respiratory of chronic bronchitis?Stop smoking to eliminate irritant. Add LABA and/or anticholniergic if needed. 8. What are three classes of medications used in asthma for their anti-inflammatory properties? Is there evidence to support tapering PO CS dose after asthma flare? Arthritis and COPD share many risk factors, such as tobacco use, asthma history, and age. What are the three causes of chronic bronchitis?Smoking, recurring pulmonary infections as a child may increases susceptibility and air pollution, 25. What is the cornerstone of asthma therapy? So there you have it. BoardVitals Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine CME Pro Plus offers more than 600+ peer-reviewed online case-style questions that will help you prepare for your board exams and stay up-to-date on relevant Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine topics including Obstructive Lung Disease, Cardiovascular Disorders, and Gastrointestinal Disorders. We'll bring you back here when you are done. Note: since these questions are being incorporated into our new Board Review page, this page will soon disappear. So if you’re ready, let’s get started. Bronchodilator. What type of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease produces peripheral edema?Chronic bronchitis, 65. The first few questions in the Board of Review should be simple. 45. 2. What type of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease will complain most often of dyspnea?Emphysema, 63. Ambulance attendance is often triggered by a respiratory infection. Clearly identified objectives enable the board to set specific goals for the evaluation and make decisions about the scope of the review. 73. Oxford University Press makes no representation, express or implied, that the drug dosages in this book are correct. They will only help dilate the bronchotracheal tree to help aide air movement and mucus movement. As a Respiratory Therapist or medical professional, it’s an important topic that you must be very familiar with. The most common causes of COPD include the following: In the United States, tobacco smoke is the leading preventable cause of COPD. 64. 7. Avoid other lung infections. 20. 16. 19. There is a good summary on the official BSA site. Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards; Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card; audio not yet available for this language. What are bronchodilators?It is the medication that relaxes the smooth muscles of the airways and makes breathing easier. Because of these findings, the nurse closely monitors the oxygen flow and the client’s respiratory status. 50. What contributes most to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease?The number of pack-years that the patient smoked. 2. most common severity of asthma seen in clinical practice. 29. Identify this brand name medication used in COPD maintenance: Advair HFA, Identify this brand name medication used in COPD maintenance: Symbacort, Identify this brand name medication used in COPD maintenance: Combivent, ipratropium bromide and albuterol (anticholinergic + SABA). Advanced signs of chronic bronchitis includes a chronic cough with increased mucus, increased respiratory rate (RR), heart rate (HR), carbon dioxide (CO), blood pressure (BP), dyspnea especially with exertion, increased work of breathing (WOB) with prolonged expiration, diagnostic palpation/percussion, decreased tactile and vocal fremitus, hyper resonant percussion note in breath sounds, and decreased conditioned reflex (Cr). Pulmonary function testing shows decreased expiratory maneuver, forced vital capacity (FVC) of lung volume and capacity is increased along with ventricular tachycardia (Vt), right ventricle (RV), residual volume/total lung volume (RV/TLC) and functional residual capacity (FRC). Well, time is short. 1. When can be the onset of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease?Symptoms of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease can first appear up to 20 years. Breath sounds and x-ray have no significant changes. Ipratropium bromide, when used in COPD provides which therapeutic effect: What is the pathophysiology of emphysema? Patients experience shortness of breath to leave the house or breathless after dressing or undressing and present chronic respiratory failure or clinical signs of heart failure; and, Stage 4 or Very Severe COPD, patients with FEV1 <30% of predicted.
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