In doing so, it draws on the results of a recently completed study on land degradation and the Australian agricul-tural industry that included an experimental analysis of New South Wales agriculture using a state-wide model (Gretton and Salma 1996). The phenomena of desertification, salinity, erosion and acidification are major threats to Australian agricultural industry. Overgrazing of livestock and removal of vegetation and natural windbreaks have escalated this natural phenomenon. (Year Book Australia, 2001, 1301.0) Although erosion is a natural process it is accelerated by practices such as land clearing, overgrazing, some cultivations and poorly constructed farm roads and dams. Accelerating these phenomena are influences such as; land misuse, unregulated farming practices, deforestation, mining, pesticides and fertilizers, and increasing demand for land for other purposes. The outlook for the Australian land environment will be determined by the choices made to address legacy issues The modern agricultural practises, excessive use of fertilizers and pesticides has adversely degraded the natural quality and fertility of the cultivation land. to land management suggests that decisions are being taken at an appropriate scale—for example, national strategies relating to invasive species, and decisions about agricultural development in northern Australia. Landscape degradation is evident at a coarse national scale: across Australia millions of hectares of land are affected which would not be had they not been used for agriculture (Pratley and Robertson, 1998). However, the biophysical processes that have led to this degradation occur at a local scale and are highly variable. Around 50% of all Australian farms carry beef cattle (ABS 2020a), making this the most common and widely dispersed agricultural activity in Australia. Mining- Mining causes land degradation by the way it works, mainly by open cut mines (mines that are not underground). In Australia, about two thirds of agricultural land is degraded. Section 1 Desertification in Australia. Beef cattle farms are an important part of the rural economy in almost all regions of Australia. Similar grants were extended to free migrants and marines in 1789 and by 1860 1.2 million acres were under crop and contributing to Australian agriculture. The major types of land degradation are soil ero-sion, soil salinity, soil acidity and soil contamination. Farms running beef cattle manage more than 77% of the total area of agricultural land in Australia. ability and land degradation. Soil Erosion growing many times faster than the area of land being farmed. In Australia, the major factors creating land degradation, primarily arising from the removal of natural vegetation (Weebly 2019), include: Wind Erosion – The removal of soil by wind. Land Degradation in Australia The major causes of land degradation in Australia are those to do with agriculture and industry, things like mining, deforestation, livestock and soil contamination. Also in 1860, A ustralia’s livestock industry now consisted of 0ver 430,000 horses, nearly 4 million cattle, over 20 million sheep and over 350,000 pigs. This was grounded in an integrated understanding of the history of Australian agriculture and the grains industry, which does more than Australian agricultural industry, with a focus on crop production and sustainability (Dunlop and Turner, 2003; Dunlop et al., 2002). Also mentioned when discussing these are nutrient loss and soil structure decline. Erosion removes the best, most fertile part of the soil, the topsoil where most of … Two thirds of agricultural land is degraded 77 % of the rural economy in almost all regions Australia. 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